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HOWE, RICHARD, 1ST EARL HOWE, brother of George Augustus Howe, 3rd Viscount Howe (I) (qv); b. 8 Mar 1725/6; adm. Nov 1732; left 1733; went to Eton Coll.; entered Royal Navy on board HMS Pearl 16 Jul 1739; sailed in HMS Severn as far as Cape Horn with Anson 1740; present at attack on La Guaira 18 Feb 1742/3; Lieut., 8 Aug 1745; severely wounded in action with French frigates off west coast of Scotland 1 May 1746; Post Capt., 10 Apr 1746; his capture of the French ship Alcide off the mouth of the St. Lawrence river on 8 Jun 1755 was the beginning of the Seven Years’ War with France; commanded attack on Cherbourg 5 May 1759; distinguished himself at battle of Quiberon Bay 20 Nov 1759; Rear Adm., 18 Nov 1770; Vice-Adm., 7 Dec 1775; Commander-in-Chief, North American Station Feb 1776; co-operated with his brother Sir William Howe against the American colonists, but resigned command 1778 and remained out of employment until fall of North ministry in early 1782; Commander-in-Chief, Channel Fleet 2 Apr 1782; Adm., 8 Apr 1782; relieved Gibraltar against French and Spanish fleets Oct 1784 (check); Vice-Admiral of England May 1792 – Mar 1796; won brilliant victory of 1 Jun 1794 in command Channel Fleet, capturing seven French ships; Admiral of the Fleet and General of the Marines 12 Mar 1796; presided over court martial of Vice-Adm. Cornwallis Apr 1796; pacified mutineers at Portsmouth May 1797; MP Dartmouth 23 May 1757 – 20 Apr 1782; succeeded brother as 4th Viscount Howe (I) 6 Jul 1758; a Lord of the Admiralty Apr 1763 – Aug 1765; Privy Councillor 26 Jul 1765; Treasurer of the Navy 9 Aug 1765 – Mar 1770; created Viscount Howe (GB) 2 [check] Apr 1782; First Lord of Admiralty Jan – Apr 1783, Dec 1783 – Jul 1788; attacked in parliament and in print for his reductions and reforms; created Earl Howe 19 Aug 1788; received freedom of City of London 6 May 1796; KG 2 Jun 1797; the signalling code was perfected and refined by him; DL Nottinghamshire 1762, Derbyshire 1763; m. 10 Mar 1758 Mary, dau. of Chiverton Hartop, Welby, Leics.; d. 5 Aug 1799. Monument by Flaxman in St. Paul’s cathedral. DNB.
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International Standard Archival Authority Record for Corporate Bodies, Persons and Families - ISAAR(CPF) 2nd edition
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Prepared for import into AtoM by Westminster School Archive staff, 2019-2020
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Users should note that the information recorded here that is not to be found in the first two volumes of the Record of Old Westminsters and its first Supplement has been assembled from various published and manuscript sources by Hugh Edmund Pagan MA FSA, and all new resulting text is his copyright, © 2014.
The Record of Old Westminsters: A biographical list of all those who are known to have been educated at Westminster School from the earliest times to 1927, Volumes 1 & 2, compiled by G. F. Russell Barker and Alan H. Stenning, London, 1928.