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GOSTWYCKE, WILLIAM, son of William Gostwycke, St. Mary Bothaw, London, merchant, and Sibylla ---; b. 8 Jul 1650; at Merchant Taylors’ School 1656-9; adm.; KS 1664; elected to Trinity Coll. Cambridge 1668, adm. pens. 5 Jun 1668, scholar 1669; BA 1671/2; MA 1675; Fellow, Trinity Coll., from 1674, Junior Dean 1695-7, 1701-2; the first Reader in Philosophy, King’s William Coll., Isle of Man 1676; ordained deacon (London) 26 May 1678; Vicar of St. Michael’s, Cambridge 1681-93, Great St. Mary’s, Cambridge from 1693; also Vicar of Bottisham, Cambs., 1693-6; d. 4 Feb 1702/3. Buried Trinity College Chapel, Cambridge.

GUNTER, EDMUND, son of --- Gunter, Herts., originally from Gunterstown, Breconshire; b.; adm.; QS in 1596; elected head to Christ Church, Oxford 1599, matr. 25 Jan 1599/1600, aged 18, Westminster Student to 1616; BA 1603; MA 1606; BD 1615; ordained; Incumbent, St. George’s, Southwark, Surrey 1615; Professor of Astronomy, Gresham College, London, from 6 Mar 1619; applied to navigation and other parts of mathematics his rule of proportion, known as “Gunter’s Line”; discovered the variation of the magnetic needle by experiments at Deptford 1622; introduced “Gunter’s Chain”, used in land surveying, and was proably the inventor of the “decimal separator”; author, Canon Triangulorum, or Table of Artificial Sines and Tangents, 1620, and other works, published in a collected edition 1624; d. 10 Dec 1626. DNB.

HACKET, JOHN, son of Andrew Hacket, Westminster, tailor; b. 1 Sep 1590; adm.; KS; elected head to Trinity Coll. Cambridge 1608, adm. scholar 1609, matr. Easter 1609; 6th in “ordo” 1612/3; BA 1612/3; MA 1616 (incorp. Oxford 9 Jul 1616); BD 1623; DD 1628; Fellow, Trinity Coll. 1614 – c. 1621; ordained deacon and priest 20 Dec 1618 (London); Rector of Stoke Hammond, Bucks., 30 Sep 1618 [sic : check]-24; Chaplain to Right Rev. John Williams DD, Bishop of Lincoln, also Chaplain to James I; Rector of Kirkby Underwood, Lincs., 23 Feb 1623; Prebendary of Lincoln 10 Dec 1623 - 1661; Rector of Cheam, Surrey 1624-62; Rector of St. Andrew’s, Holborn, London 31 Dec 1624 – sequestered 13 Dec 1645; Archdeacon of Bedford 4 Oct 1631 - 1661; President, Sion Coll. 1633; attempted to moderate Laud’s zeal; member of Committee for Religion, appointed by House of Lords, and as such pleaded for the retention of Deans and Chapters before House of Commons 1641; Prebendary of St. Paul’s 28 Mar 1642-61; refused to join the parliamentary side, and retired to Cheam during the rebellion and Commonwealth; consecrated Bishop of Coventry and Lichfield 22 Dec 1661; restored Lichfield Cathedral; bequeathed £1200 to Trinity Coll. Cambridge and all his books to Cambridge Univ. Library; he and Ben Jonson (qv) translated Bacon’s Essays into Latin; author of Loyola, a Latin comedy acted twice before James I, first published 1648, and Scrinia Reserata, a Memorial offered to great Deservings of John Williams DD, 1693; m. 1st 14 Sep 1625 Elizabeth, dau. of William Stebbing, Earl Soham, Suffolk; m. 2nd, Frances, widow of Rev. Dove Bridgeman DD, Prebendary of Chester, and dau. of William Bennet, Yeoman of the Pastry to Queen Elizabeth I; d. 28 Oct 1670. DNB.

HAKLUYT, RICHARD, brother of Thomas Hakluyt (qv); b. 1553; adm.; QS in 1564; elected to Christ Church, Oxford 1570, Westminster Student to 1583; BA 19 Feb 1573/4; MA 27 Jan 1577/8; ordained 1578 [check]; Chaplain to Sir Edward Stafford, Ambassador to Paris 1583-8; Prebendary of Bristol from 1586; Rector of Wetheringsett with Brockford, Suffolk, from 20 Apr 1590; Prebendary of Westminster from 4 May 1602, Archdeacon from 1603; Chaplain of the Savoy 1604; Rector of Gedney, Lincs., from 1612; one of the chief Adventurers in the South Virginia Co.; took a keen interest from his boyhood in geography and discovery; lectured on the construction and use of maps, spheres and nautical instruments; his book, The Principall Navigations, Voiages and Discoveries of the English Nation, 1589 (issued in an expanded three-volume edition in 1598-1600), has been described as “the prose epic of the modern English nation”; left a large collection of unpublished MSS, several of which were printed in an abridged form by Purchas in his Pilgrimes; the Hakluyt Society, named in his honour, was founded 15 Dec 1846 for the printing of narratives of voyages and travels, and related records; bequeathed £5 towards repairing the north windows of Westminster Abbey and 10 shillings each to Richard Ireland (adm. 1582, qv) and John Wilson (elected 1602, qv); m. 1st, c. 1594, Douglasse Cavendish, Trimley St. Mary, Suffolk; lic. to m. 2nd, 30 Mar 1604 Frances, widow of William Smithe, St. Botolph’s, Bishopsgate, London; d. 23 Nov 1616. Buried Westminster Abbey.

MONTAGU, CHARLES, 1ST EARL OF HALIFAX, fourth son of Hon. George Montagu MP, Horton, Northants, and Elizabeth, dau. of Sir Anthony Irby, Kt, Boston, Lincs.; b. 16 Apr 1661; adm. 1675; KS (Capt. ) 1677; Trinity Coll. Cambridge, adm. fellow commoner 8 Nov 1679; MA 1682; LLD 1705; Fellow, Trinity Coll. 1683 – c. 1689; High Steward, Cambridge Univ., from 1697; wrote with Matthew Prior (qv) The Hind and the Panther transvers’d to the story of the Country Mouse and the City Mouse, 1687; MP Maldon 1689-95, Westminster 1695 – 13 Dec 1700; a Clerk of the Privy Council 1689-92; a Lord Commissioner of the Treasury 21 Mar 1692 – Apr 1698; his proposal of 15 Dec 1692 to raise a million pounds by life annuities was the origin of the National Debt; his bill to establish the Bank of England became law 1694; Chancellor of the Exchequer 30 Apr 1694 – May 1699; Privy Councillor 10 May 1694; introduced the Recoinage Bill, and instituted the Window Tax to pay for the expense of the recoinage; issued the first Exchequer Bills and carried his bill for the formation of a consolidated fund to meet interest on the various government loans; First Lord of the Treasury 1 May 1697 – Nov 1699; Auditor of the Receipt of Exchequer 17 Nov 1699 – 30 Sep 1714; created Baron Halifax 13 Dec 1700; impeached by the House of Lords for obtaining grants from the King in the names of others for himself, and for his share in the Partition Treaty, but the impeachment was dismissed for want of prosecution 24 Jun 1701; charged by House of Commons for neglect of his duties as Auditor of the Exchequer, but his conduct as such was unanimously approved by the House of Lords 1703; successfully moved the rejection of the Occasional Conformity Bill 14 Dec 1703; a Commissioner for negotiating the Union with Scotland 10 Apr 1706; acted as one of the Lords Justices from Queen Anne’s death until the arrival of George I; First Lord of the Treasury from 11 Oct 1714; KG 16 Oct 1714; created Earl of Halifax 19 Oct 1714; Lord Lieutenant, Surrey, from 24 Dec 1714; a great parliamentary orator and brilliant financier; the lifelong friend of Sir Isaac Newton and a munificent patron of literature; FRS 30 Nov 1695, President 30 Nov 1695 – 30 Nov 1698; his collected poems were published in 1715; [? m. 1st, 3 Sep 1685 Elisabeth, dau. of Francis Forster, South Bailey, Durham]; m. Feb 1688 Anne, widow of his cousin Robert Montagu, 3rd Earl of Manchester, and dau. of Sir Christopher Yelverton, Bart.; d. 19 May 1715. Buried in Duke of Albemarle’s vault, Henry VII’s Chapel, Westminster Abbey. DNB.

HANBURY, NATHANIEL, son of Philip Hanbury, London; b.; adm.; KS 1673; elected head to Trinity Coll. Cambridge 1677, adm. pens. 20 Jun 1677, aged 18, scholar 1678, matr. 1680; BA 1680/1; MA 1684; BD 1703; Fellow, Trinity Coll., from 1683, Junior Dean 1706-8, Senior Dean 1712-4; signed the petition against Bentley 1709; ordained; Curate, St. Michael’s, Cambridge; author Horologia Scioterica, 1683, and Supplementum analyticum ad Aequationes Cartesianos, 1691; buried Trinity Coll. Chapel 10 Nov 1715.

HAYES, SAMUEL, son of Edmund Hayes, London; b.; adm.; KS (aged 14) 1763; elected to Trinity Coll. Cambridge 1767, adm. pens. 24 Jun 1767, scholar 29 Apr 1768, matr. Mich. 1767; BA 1771; MA 1774; Minor Fellow Trinity Coll., 10 Sep 1772, Major Fellow 4 Jul 1774; Seatonian Prize, Cambridge Univ. 1775-8, 1783-5; Usher at the School 1770-88; ordained deacon (Peterborough) 6 Oct 1771, priest (Norwich) 28 Oct 1772; known as “botch” Hayes, “for the manner in which he mended his pupils’ verses”; such a slack disciplinarian that the boys in his form used “to stick his wig full of paper darts in school” (Southey, Life and Correspondence, I, 135-6); kept a succession of small boarding houses from 1776, latterly one on the Terrace, amalgamated with Farren’s on his marriage; joint author with Robert Carr of tragedy Eugenia, 1766; author, poems and sermons; m. 1st, ---; m. 2nd, 1 May 1788 Elizabeth Farren, widow, who kept the boarding house in the centre of the Terrace, Dean’s Yard; buried Hammersmith 19 Dec 1795, aged 48 (sic).

HEATH, JAMES, son of Robert Heath, The Strand, London, the King’s Cutler, and Dorothy --- (IGI); bapt. St Clement Danes 6 Jan 1629 (IGI); adm.; KS in 1644; elected to Christ Church, Oxford 1646, matr. 16 Dec 1646, Westminster Student to 13 Oct 1648, when ejected by Parliamentary Visitors; at The Hague in 1649; adhered to exiled court of Charles II; returned to England and wrote and corrected for publishers and printers in order to support his family; sometimes known as “Carrion” Heath; author, A Brief Chronicle of the late Intestine War, 1661, Flagellum, or the Life and Death of O. Cromwell, the late Usurper, 1663, and other works; m.; d. 16 Aug 1664. DNB.

HEMMINGE, WILLIAM, ninth child of John Hemminge, St. Mary’s, Aldermanbury, actor, and Rebecca, widow of William Knell, same parish; bap 3 Oct 1602; at Merchant Taylors’ Sch. in 1616; adm.; KS in 1619; elected to Christ Church, Oxford 1621, Westminster Student to 1629, matr. 24 Jul 1624, aged 19; BA 1625; MA 1628; author, The Fatal Contract, 1653, and other plays; d. 1653 (?). DNB.

HERBERT, GEORGE, fourth son of Sir Richard Herbert, Kt, Montgomery Castle, Montgomeryshire, and Magdalen, dau. of Sir Richard Newport, Kt; b. 3 Apr 1593; adm. in twelfth year; KS ; elected to Trinity Coll. Cambridge 1608, adm. scholar 1609, matr. 18 Dec 1609; 2nd in “ordo” 1612/3; BA 1612/3; MA 1616; Minor Fellow, Trinity Coll. 3 Oct 1614, Major Fellow 15 Mar 1615/6 – c. 1621 [check]; Praelector in Rhetoric and Deputy Public Orator 1618, Public Orator 1619-27; ordained deacon by Jul 1626, priest (Salisbury) 19 Sep 1630; Prebendary of Lincoln from 8 Jul 1626; Herbert had earlier aspired to preferment in service of the State, but after forming an intimate friendship with Nicholas Ferrar (of Little Gidding), he decided to eschew the “painted pleasures of the Court”; Rector of Fugglestone with Bemerton, Wilts., from 26 Apr 1630; repaired Bemerton Church and rebuilt the parsonage, where he wrote his famous sacred poems, edited by Ferrar and published posthumously under the title The Temple, Sacred Poems and Private Ejaculations, 1633; m. 5 Mar 1628/9 Jane, dau. of Charles Danvers, Baynton, Wilts.; d. 3 Mar 1632/3. Memorial window in baptistery, Westminster Abbey. DNB.