Doulton, Michael Duke, brother of Peter Duke Doulton (qv); b. 19 Dec. 1908; adm. Sept. 1922 (A); left Apr. 1926; AMIMechE; Directorate of Aeronautical Production, Air Ministry; AAF RO (FO) 1936, recalled for service Aug. 1939; 601 Hurricane Sqdn June 1940; m. 3 Mar. 1939 Carol, d. of Paul Theodore Christie of St George's Sch. Newport, RI, USA; killed in action 31 Aug. 1940.
Michael Duke Doulton was born at Wandsworth Common, South London on the 19th of December 1908 the younger son of Orrok Mills Doulton, a pottery manufacturer, and Catherine May (nee Duke) Doulton of 37, Devere Gardens, London W8 and of Windmill House, Clapham Common in London. He was educated at Boxgrove School near Guildford and at Westminster School where he was up Ashburnham from the 22nd of September 1922 to the 30th of March 1926. He was a member of the 1st Football XI in 1925 and 1926, where he played at centre half and was awarded his School Colours in the latter year. The Elizabethan wrote the following on his 1925/26 season: - “A player with a beautiful style: knows the game and, moreover, executes his movements and passes with accuracy and correctness, but all this is done much too slowly, almost in a slovenly, laissez faire, manner. Moreover, he is painfully slow in getting back in the wake of the opposing centre forward. As a stylist the best footballer on the side – he must develop pace, energy and greater alertness. Even so has played some splendid games for the school.”
He entered an apprenticeship with the Institution of Mechanical Engineers and worked for the Sentinel Service Depot from the 5th of May 1925 to the 14th of April 1927 and at the Machine and Erecting Shops, the blacksmiths and in the office for Dewrance and Co of London from the 2nd of May 1927 to the 28th of March 1929. This was followed by a period of six months further training with Messrs. Alfred Herbert Ltd of Coventry. He was elected as an Associate Member of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers on the 21st of November 1930 but his membership lapsed on the 30th of December 1938.
He was commissioned as a Pilot officer in 604 (County of Middlesex) Squadron, Auxiliary Air Force on the 29th of September 1931 and was promoted to Flying Officer on the 29th of March 1933. He was reputed to have been the tallest pilot in the Royal Air Force. He resigned his commission on completion of his service on the 29th of September 1936 and passed into the Reserve.
Due to his engineering experience he joined the Air Ministry in 1938 where he worked for the Directorate of Aeronautical Productions in preparing car factories for conversion to aero engine production in the event of a war.
He was married at Shrewsbury on the 3rd of March 1939 to Carol (nee Christie, later Gilbart) of Yockleton, Shrewsbury, who he had met while skiing in Switzerland; they had a son, Paul, born in April 1941. During the Battle of Britain they lived in a cottage at Fontwell, West Sussex.
He was mobilised for war service on the 24th of August 1939 and was posted to 601 (County of London) Squadron based at RAF Tangmere on the 11th of June 1940.
Michael Doulton took off from RAF Tangmere at 6.05pm on the 20th of July 1940 in Hurricane Mk I P3884 as Green 1 in B Flight with five other aircraft from the Squadron to provide an escort to a convoy. During the mission they attacked and damaged a Dornier 17. While 25 miles to the south of Selsey Bill they spotted a Heinkel 59 seaplane at 7.20pm which was attacked by Michael Doulton who fired a five second burst at it from 300 yards before closing to between 100 and 150 yards where he fired another five second burst by which time the enemy aircraft was 100 feet above the sea. The enemy aircraft eventually crashed into the sea.
On his return to base at 7.40pm he wrote the following combat report: -
“B Flight took off at 18.05 to escort convoy and about 19.20 E/A was sighted – Green Section formed line astern. The E/A, a twin float – twin engined seaplane He59 was painted white all over, with large black civil type markings D-AKAR on the top of top plane and sides of fuselage and fin and Red Cross on to main plane., fuselage and fin and a small swastika on top of fin. During second stern attack flames burst from centre of fuselage, E/A appeared to stall and 4 crew jumped from nose and neck of fuselage. None of their parachutes opened and Green 3 was unable to see the crew swimming. It may be assumed that they were all killed on impact with the sea”.
On the 11th of August 1940, Michael Doulton took off from RAF Tangmere as Green 1 with B Flight. At 10.30am they encountered enemy aircraft – “too many to estimate correctly” flying at between 15,000 and 25,000 feet, some 20 to 25 miles to the south of Swanage. During the ensuing engagement he attacked and damaged two Messerschmitt Bf110 aircraft. He had fired four bursts of three to five seconds during the engagement at ranges of between 300 and 150 yards and had expended a total of 2,400 rounds of ammunition.
On his return to base at 11.15am he filed the following handwritten combat report: -
“As Green 1 I led the R.H. section of the Sqdn – At approx 10.30 hrs the Sqdn sighted a mass of aircraft stepped up and about 10 miles south of 601. (Vis – 30-40 miles practically no cloud out to sea). Interception was assisted by streaks of white exhaust cloud indicating top of E/A formation at approx 25,000’. As the centre layers of the enemy formation appeared to be hotly engaged Green section climbed from 21,000’ to 25,000’ and engaged one of the two top formations of Me110 (6-9 in each section) which had already formed into defensive circles. I saw several isolated E/A about 1,000’ above and ½ mile to the outside of those under. I opened fire on the tail of 1 Me110 at close range and saw trails of white smoke from the starboard engine. As the Me110 broke formation and dived I ceased fire and opened fire at a second Me110 with no apparent result. While circling, this Me110 lost considerable height and I found myself inside another circle of Me110’s. I opened fire at close range on one Me110 and saw white smoke coming from the port engine. This Me110 also broke away from the central and circling aircraft. I opened fire at a fourth Me110, having lost more height, but did not see any effect and while firing ran out of ammunition. During the combat I saw at least six wrecks in the sea either burning or just emerald green patches. I also saw several Hurricanes on the tails of E/A but was unable to identify either Green 2 or Green 3. Both the Tangmere ground station and I called for Green 2 and 3 but neither replied. Landed Tangmere 11.15 hours. Starboard petrol tank of my Hurricane pierced by one bullet and although entry and exit holes are large and jagged the self sealing compound prevented any appreciable loss of petrol.”
On the 13th of August 1940, Michael Doulton took off from RAF Tangmere at 6.30am in Hurricane Mk I P3884 as Green 1 in B Flight with four other aircraft from the Squadron. At 6.45am they sighted two formations of enemy aircraft, one of 21 twin engined aircraft and another made up of 18 Junkers 88 aircraft flying at heights of between 10,000 and 15,000 feet, some 5 to 10 miles to the north of Midhurst, Sussex. During the fighting which followed he fired 3 bursts of 5 seconds at between 400 and 200 yards resulting in he and Flight Lieutenant Hope sharing in the probable destruction of a Junkers 88. His aircraft was damaged during the combat. He landed back at base at 7.05am and filed the following combat report: - “As Green 1 I led the section line astern of the Squadron. At approx 6.40 while flying north 2 large formations of E/A was seen approx 5 miles away at 2 o’clock. As Red leader headed for the compact E/A formation, the second formation peeled off in front of me with diving brakes down (JU88). I turned left and followed one Ju88 in a steep dive but had no difficulty in overtaking it. My first burst from dead astern made the Ju88 pull out of his dive and my windscreen was covered with black oil. The Ju88 then levelled out and slowed to 150 mph enabling me to close in and get two long and steady bursts from direct astern, answering fire from the rear gunner ceased during my long burst and the Ju88 dived gently into the clouds and I lost it. We took off at 06.30 and landed 07.05 at Tangmere. Action took place above 10/10 cloud. When my ammunition was finished I watched a Ju88 hit and set on fire by a Hurricane, three of the crew jumped and their parachutes opened above cloud, 5 miles north of Goodwood the ju88 ½ rolled and dived almost vertically in flames.”
At 11.50am on the same day, he took off from RAF Tangmere in Hurricane Mk I P3884 as Green 1 in B Flight with five other aircraft from the Squadron. Shortly after taking off they intercepted a formation of more than 30 Messerschmitt Bf110s and Bf109s flying at between 20,000 and 25,000 feet to the west of Swanage at 12.05pm. During the dog fight which followed he claimed to have damaged a MeBf110 with a 2 second burst of fire at a range of 100 yards. He landed back at base at 1.05pm and filed the following handwritten combat report: - “As Green 1 I led the astern section of the Squadron. At 12.05 a large mass of A/C seen 5 miles to the S.W. of us. Ordered section line astern, climbed into the sun and engaged Me110s at 22,000’ which had formed defensive half circles. On getting inside circle I had no difficulty in turning inside the Me110 and had good position but turn was so tight that firing was very difficult. Me110s dived on me but more often ended up beneath. After nearly 10 minutes managed to get on 1 Me110’s tail. This aircraft immediately rolled on its back and as he fell out of the roll I gave him a burst at about 100 yds range. Smoke and slight flame seen in cockpit of this Me110. Turning away to re-engage I lost sight of the remainder of E/A. Landed Tangmere 13.05.
On the 15th of August 1940, Michael Doulton took off from RAF Tangmere at 5.05pm in Hurricane Mk I P3884 as Green 1 in B Flight with five other aircraft from the Squadron. During their patrol they spotted 12 Junkers 88 aircraft at 17,000 feet over Bishops’ Waltham at 5.40pm. During the ensuing fight he claimed a half share in the destruction of a Junkers 88. He landed back at base at 6.15pm and filed the following handwritten combat report: - “As Green 1 I led the section astern of the Sqdn. Practically no cloud but mist up to 10,000’. At 17.30 hrs Sqdn of E/A bombers seen passing over Spithead. We were at 20,000’ and what appeared to be a large number of E/A were seen out to sea and apparently already engaged. Green section followed Red section closely into a quarter attack on the E/A bomber Sqdn. No E/A fighters appeared to follow their bombers inland. The E/A were in a tight and level V with one straggler 1,000’ below and ½ mile astern. Although we were slightly above the formation it was necessary to use full throttle to gain slowly on them. The formation wheeled right during my first attack and my sighting was upset by slip stream effects. The group of right hand bombers jettisoned their bombs. After some time four Ju88s broke formation and dived. I got onto the tail of the last of these. He dived very steeply but I got in a steady burst dead astern. We both pulled out near Southampton balloons. He then started evasions which were merely steep dives and climbing turns. My next bursts were slight deflections on both sides of the fuselage; oil poured from the engines and covered my windscreen. During the next burst at 100 yds range streams of dense white smoke poured from the wing tips. I imagined this was done purposely to make the fighter think the aircraft was burning. On my final burst he dived steeply and landed in a stubble field on a hill south of Winchester. Just before landing he jettisoned incendiary bombs. Four of the crew were seen walking around the crashed A/C. I circled low and fired several white Verey cartridges to call the attention of people on the ground. F/O Clyde assisted in shooting down this E/A and he witnessed the landing. I landed Tangmere 18.20hrs”
The enemy aircraft was Junkers 88 L1+BM of 4/LG1 which was on a mission to bomb Tangmere and Westhampnett airfields. The enemy aircraft crashed at Twyford where the crew of Unteroffizier E. Poggensee, Unteroffizier E. Kusche, Unteroffizier H. Burkhardt and Unteroffizier R. Muller were captured.
On the 16th of August 1940, Michael Doulton took off from RAF Tangmere at 12.25pm in Hurricane Mk I P3884 as Green 1 in B Flight with five other aircraft from the Squadron for a patrol. Once airborne they encountered 30 to 40 Junkers 87 “Stukas” between Tangmere and Selsey Bill. During the ensuing combat he was engaged at heights from between 13,000 and 1,000 feet during which he claimed to have destroyed one Junkers 87 and to have damaged two more. On landing back at base at 1.10pm he filed the following handwritten combat report: -
“As Green 1 I led the section astern of the Squadron. We took off at 12.25 hrs. Horizontal visibility 8 miles. While patrolling Selsey Bill at 20,000’ a stepped up formation of approx 40 Ju87s were seen just preparing to attack Tangmere from 12/13,000’. Following several down I got on ones’ tail and gave him a 5 sec burst from dead astern. Black smoke formed from the wing roots and he gradually caught fire and dived down and away 4 miles S.W. of Tangmere. I did not see this Ju87 crash. I then was amongst about 8 Ju87 who were all employing evasive tactics. I gave another a burst from close range dead astern and saw my bullets above and below both wing roots of which rounds entered the wings and fuselage and he jettisoned a large bomb near a bungalow at Selsey. Another Hurricane attacked this Ju87. I attacked another Ju87 about 1,000’ over the sea but ran out of ammunition. I continued to dive on this Ju87 but was unable to force it into the sea. While I was doing this I saw another Hurricane also very low down chasing another Ju87. This Ju87 eventually dived into the sea and I saw two Nazis floating by the wreckage about 2 miles south of the Selsey Wreck. I landed Tangmere 13.20 hours.”
On the 31st of August 1940 Michael Doulton took off from RAF Debden at 12.25pm in Hurricane Mk I R4215 with five other aircraft from the Squadron for an interception. At 1.15pm they were heavily engaged with enemy aircraft during which three of the Squadron’s aircraft were shot down in flames with all three pilots escaping by parachute with only one having suffered injuries. They claimed to have destroyed four enemy aircraft during the engagement, probably destroyed three more and to have damaged another two. Michael Doulton’s aircraft was last seen over the Thames estuary at 1.30pm. He is thought to have been shot down by a Messerschmitt Bf109.
His mother received the following telegram dated the 2nd of September 1940: -“Regret to inform you that your son Flying Officer Michael Duke Doulton is reported as missing as the result of air operations on August 31st 1940. Any further information will be immediately communicated to you. Should news of him reach you from any source please inform this department. His wife is being informed.”
In a letter dated the 2nd of September 1940, Carol Doulton wrote: - “Although I shall wait another 24 hours before telling his family and leaving here, I am sure that he is dead. I pray that he came down into the sea and that he will just vanish. I have no desire for the horror of bodies and funerals to come between me and my last happy memories of Michael young and strong and confident. Don't waste grief on me. Remember that I have a child to look forward to and that I've had eighteen months of wonderful happiness. And I am too proud of Michael to be unhappy in a petty way."
On the 27th of April 1984, an aircraft was excavated to the south of Wennington Church, near Romford, Essex. It proved to be Hurricane Mk I R4215 and Michael Doulton's remains were still in the cockpit. He was cremated in a private ceremony at Hastings in June 1984 and his ashes were interred at Salehurst churchyard.
He is buried at Salehurst Cemetery Grave 133B.
